1. He aha nā flocculants, coagulants a me nā conditioners?
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau mea hana i nā ʻāpana ma lalo nei e like me nā hoʻohana like ʻole i ka mālama ʻana i ka kānana sludge press:
Flocculant: i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo coagulant, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale wai-paʻa, i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka pahu sedimentation mua, ka pahu sedimentation lua, ka pahu flotation a me ka mālama ʻana i ka tertiary a i ʻole ke kaʻina hana holomua.
Kōkua Coagulation: He kuleana ko nā flocculants kōkua e hoʻoikaika i ka hopena coagulation.
Mea Hoʻomalu: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi he mea hoʻoheheʻe wai, hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke koena o ka sludge ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a ʻo kona mau ʻano like me kekahi o nā flocculants a me nā coagulants i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.
ʻO nā Flocculants kahi papa o nā mea e hiki ke hōʻemi a hoʻopau paha i ke kūpaʻa o ka ua a me ke kūpaʻa polymerization o nā ʻāpana i hoʻopuehu ʻia i ka wai, a hoʻohuihui a flocculate i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o nā aggregates no ka wehe ʻana.
Wahi a ka hoʻohuihui kemika, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā flocculants i nā flocculants inorganic a me nā flocculants organic.
Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe inorganic
ʻO nā flocculants inorganic kuʻuna he mau paʻakai alumini molekala haʻahaʻa a me nā paʻakai hao. ʻO nā paʻakai alumini ka mea nui e komo pū me ka alumini sulfate (AL2(SO4)3∙18H2O), alum (AL2(SO4)3∙K2SO4∙24H2O), sodium aluminate (NaALO3), ʻo nā paʻakai hao ka mea nui e komo pū me ka ferric chloride (FeCL3∙6H20), ferrous sulfate (FeSO4∙6H20) a me ka ferric sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3∙2H20).
Ma keʻano laulā, loaʻa i nā flocculants inorganic nā hiʻohiʻona o ka loaʻa maʻalahi o nā mea maka, ka hoʻomākaukau maʻalahi, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, a me ka hopena mālama maʻalahi, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mālama wai.
ʻO ka flocculant polymer inorganic
E hoʻohui hou ʻia nā polymers hydroxyl a me oxygen o Al(III) a me Fe(III) i loko o nā aggregates, kahi e mālama ʻia i loko o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana, a ʻo ko lākou nui o ka ʻāpana i loko o ka pae nanometer. Hopena o ka dosage kiʻekiʻe.
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kā lākou hopena a me nā helu polymerization, ʻoi aku ka mālie o ka hopena o ka polymer alumini a ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke ʻano, ʻoiai ʻo ka polymer hydrolyzed o ka hao e pane koke a nalowale maʻalahi ke kūpaʻa a hoʻomoe.
Hōʻike ʻia nā pono o nā flocculants polymer inorganic i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā flocculants kuʻuna e like me ka alumini sulfate a me ka ferric chloride, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o nā flocculants polymer organik. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana pono ʻia ka Polyaluminum chloride i nā kaʻina hana mālama like ʻole o ka lako wai, ka wai ʻino ʻoihana a me ka wai ʻino kūlanakauhale, me ka pretreatment, ka mālama waena a me ka mālama holomua, a ua lilo mālie i flocculant mainstream. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano, ke kekelē o ka polymerization a me ka hopena coagulation-flocculation e pili ana, aia nō nā flocculants polymer inorganic ma ke kūlana ma waena o nā flocculants paʻakai metala kuʻuna a me nā flocculants polymer organik.
ʻO ka Polyaluminum Chloride PAC
ʻO Polyaluminum chloride, pac, msds polichloruro de aluminio, cas no 1327 41 9, polichloruro de aluminio, pac chemical for water treatment, poly aluminium chloride, i kapa ʻia ʻo PAC, nona ke ʻano kemika ALn(OH)mCL3n-m. ʻO PAC kahi electrolyte multivalent hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ka hoʻouka colloidal o nā haumia e like me ka pālolo (nā hoʻouka maikaʻi ʻole he nui) i loko o ka wai. Ma muli o ka nui o ka molekala pili a me ka hiki ke adsorption ikaika, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā flocs i hoʻokumu ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana flocculation a me ka sedimentation ma mua o nā flocculants ʻē aʻe.
Loaʻa i ka poly alumini chloride kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization, a ʻo ka hoʻoulu wikiwiki ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana hiki ke hoʻopōkole nui i ka manawa hoʻokumu floc. ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka poly alumini chloride PAC e ka mahana o ka wai, a hana maikaʻi ia i ka wā haʻahaʻa o ka mahana o ka wai. Hoʻemi ia i ka waiwai pH o ka wai, a ākea ka pae pH kūpono (hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka pae o pH = 5 ~ 9), no laila ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohui i kahi mea alkaline. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka PAC, he liʻiliʻi nō hoʻi ka nui o ka lepo i hana ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana, ka hoʻokele a me ka hana, a he emi hoʻi ka corrosive i nā lako a me nā pipelines. No laila, loaʻa i ka PAC kahi ʻano e hoʻololi mālie i ka alumini sulfate ma ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, a ʻo kona hemahema ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o nā flocculants kuʻuna.
Eia kekahi, mai ka manaʻo o ke kemika hoʻonā,PAC poly alumini chlorideʻo ia ka huahana waena kinetic o ke kaʻina hana hydrolysis-polymerization-precipitation o ka paʻakai alumini, kahi mea paʻa ʻole thermodynamically. Ma keʻano laulā, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana PAC wai i loko o kahi manawa pōkole (loaʻa i nā huahana paʻa ka hana paʻa). , hiki ke mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi). ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau paʻakai inorganic (e like me CaCl2, MnCl2, etc.) a i ʻole macromolecules (e like me ka polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, etc.) hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa o PAC, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke cohesion.
Ma ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana, hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi a i ʻole kekahi mau anions like ʻole (e like me SO42-, PO43-, a pēlā aku) i ke kaʻina hana o PAC, a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻano polymer a me ka hoʻolaha morphological i kahi nui e ka polymerization, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ke kūpaʻa a me ka pono o PAC; inā hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana cationic ʻē aʻe, e like me Fe3+, i ke kaʻina hana o PAC e hana iā Al3+ a me Fe3+ staggered hydrolytically polymerized, hiki ke loaʻa ka composite flocculant polyaluminum iron.
ʻO ka flocculant polymer organik
ʻO nā flocculants polymer organik synthetic he mau mea polypropylene a me polyethylene, e like me ka polyacrylamide a me ka polyethyleneimine. ʻO kēia mau flocculants he mau macromolecules linear wai-soluble, ʻo kēlā me kēia macromolecule he nui nā ʻāpana hana hou e loaʻa ana nā hui i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he polyelectrolytes. ʻO nā mea i loaʻa nā hui i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia he polyelectrolytes cationic, a ʻo nā mea i loaʻa nā hui i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia he polyelectrolytes anionic, ʻaʻohe o lākou mau hui maikaʻi a i ʻole nā hui i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, a ua kapa ʻia ʻo nonionic polyelectrolytes.
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā flocculants polymer i hoʻohana nui ʻia he anionic, a hiki iā lākou ke pāʻani wale i kahi kuleana i ke kōkua ʻana i ka coagulation o nā haumia colloidal i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia i loko o ka wai. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia, akā hoʻohana ʻia me ka hui pū ʻana me nā paʻakai alumini a me nā paʻakai hao. Hiki i nā flocculants cationic ke pāʻani i ke kuleana o ka coagulation a me ka flocculation i ka manawa like a hoʻohana wale ʻia, no laila ua ulu wikiwiki lākou.
I kēia manawa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā polymers non-ionic polyacrylamide ma koʻu ʻāina, kahi i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me ka hui pū ʻana me nā paʻakai hao a me ka alumini. ʻO ka hopena neutralization uila o nā paʻakai hao a me ka alumini ma nā ʻāpana colloidal a me ka hana flocculation maikaʻi loa o nā flocculants polymer e hoʻohana ʻia e loaʻa ai nā hopena lapaʻau kūpono. Loaʻa i ka Polyacrylamide nā ʻano o ka dosage liʻiliʻi, ka wikiwiki coagulation wikiwiki, a me nā flocs nui a paʻakikī i ka hoʻohana ʻana. 80% o nā flocculants polymer organik synthetic i hana ʻia i kēia manawa ma koʻu ʻāina ʻo ia kēia huahana.
ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe polyacrylamide
ʻO ka Polyacrylamide PAM, nā hoʻohana polyelectrolyte, ka pauka cationic polyelectrolyte, ka polyelectrolyte cationic, ka polymer cationic, ka polyacrylamide cationic ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia ka flocculant polymer organik synthetic, polyelectrolyte, a i kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he coagulant. ʻO ka mea hana maka o ka polyacrylamide he polyacrylonitrile CH2=CHCN. Ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana, ua hydrolyzed ʻia ka acrylonitrile e hana i ka acrylamide, a laila ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka acrylamide i ka polymerization suspension e loaʻa ai ka polyacrylamide. He resin wai-soluble ka Polyacrylamide, a he granular solid a me ka viscous aqueous solution nā huahana me kahi ʻano kikoʻī.
ʻO ke ʻano maoli o ka polyacrylamide i loko o ka wai he coil random. No ka mea he nui kekahi ʻāpana o ka coil random a me kekahi mau hui amide ma kona ʻili, hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i kahi hiki ke hoʻopili a me ka adsorption, ʻo ia hoʻi, he nui kekahi ʻāpana.
Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ua ʻōwili ʻia ke kaulahao lōʻihi o ka polyacrylamide i loko o kahi wili, ua liʻiliʻi kona laulā e pili ana. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o nā hui amide ʻelua, ua like ia me ka hoʻopau like ʻana o ka launa pū ʻana a me ka nalowale ʻana o ʻelua mau wahi adsorption. Eia kekahi, ua kāʻei ʻia kekahi o nā hui amide i loko o ke ʻano wili. ʻAʻole hiki i loko ona ke hoʻopili a adsorb i nā ʻāpana haumia i loko o ka wai, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō piha ʻia kona hiki ke adsorption.
I mea e hoʻokaʻawale hou ai i nā hui amide i hoʻopili ʻia a hōʻike i nā hui amide huna i waho, hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e hoʻolōʻihi i ka coil random kūpono, a hoʻāʻo hoʻi e hoʻohui i kekahi mau hui me nā cations a i ʻole anions i ke kaulahao molekala lōʻihi, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka adsorption a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili a me ka hopena o ka neutralization uila a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka papa pālua uila. Ma kēia ʻano, ua loaʻa kahi moʻo o nā flocculants polyacrylamide a i ʻole nā coagulants me nā waiwai like ʻole ma ke kumu o PAM.
I ka mālama ʻana i ka coagulation o ka wai hoʻoneoneo, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki i kahi flocculant hoʻokahi ke hoʻokō i kahi hopena coagulation maikaʻi, a pono pinepine e hoʻohui i kekahi mau mea kōkua e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena coagulation. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mea kōkua he kōkua coagulation. ʻO nā coagulants i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia he chlorine, lime, activated silicic acid, bone glue a me sodium alginate, activated carbon a me nā pālolo like ʻole.
ʻAʻole pili kekahi mau mea hoʻohuihui i ke kāpili ʻana, akā ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana kāpili ʻana, kōkua lākou i nā flocculants e hana i nā hopena kāpili ʻana. Komo kekahi mau mea hoʻohuihui i ke kūkulu ʻana o nā flocs, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o nā flocs, a hiki ke hana i nā flocs maikaʻi a palupalu i hana ʻia e nā flocculants inorganic i mau flocs coarse a paʻa.
4. Mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lauoho
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau mea hoʻomaloʻo, i ʻelua mau māhele: nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe inorganic a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe organik. Ma ke ʻano laulā, kūpono nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe inorganic no ka kānana vacuum a me ka kānana plate a me frame o ka sludge, ʻoiai kūpono nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe organik no ka centrifugal dewatering a me ka belt filter dewatering o ka sludge.
5. ka pilina ma waenanā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai, nā mea hoʻohuihui, a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe
ʻO ka mea hoʻomaloʻo ka mea i hoʻohui ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ʻana o ka sludge, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka sludge, no laila ua like ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻomaloʻo a me ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻO ka nui o ka mea hoʻomaloʻo a i ʻole ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa e helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he pakeneka o ke kaumaha o nā mea maloʻo o ka sludge.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā flocculants e wehe i nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai ʻino a he mau mea koʻikoʻi ia ma ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. ʻO ka nui o ka flocculant e hōʻike pinepine ʻia e ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia i ka nui o ka wai e mālama ʻia.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ka nui o ka mea hoʻomaloʻo (mea hoʻomalu), flocculant, a me ke kōkua coagulation ʻo ia ka nui. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka mea like ma ke ʻano he flocculant i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomalu a mea hoʻohemo wai paha i ka mālama ʻana i ka sludge keu.
Ua kapa ʻia nā mea hoʻohuihui he mau mea hoʻohuihui ke hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he flocculants ma ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. ʻAʻole i kapa ʻia nā mea hoʻohuihui like he mau mea hoʻohuihui i ka mālama ʻana i ka sludge keu, akā ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa a i ʻole nā mea hoʻomaloʻo.
I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kahimea hoʻoheheʻe wai, ʻoiai ua kaupalena ʻia ka nui o nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka pilina piha ma waena o ka flocculant a me nā ʻāpana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, pono e hoʻolako ʻia nā hale hana hui a me ka hana me ka manawa kūpono. No ka laʻana, he ʻumi kekona ka lōʻihi o ka hui ʻana a hiki i kekahi mau minuke, Pono ka hana he 15 a 30 mau minuke. Ke hoʻokahe ʻia ka sludge, he mau ʻumi kekona wale nō ka lōʻihi mai ka wā e hoʻohui ʻia ai ka conditioner i ka sludge e komo ana i ka mīkini dewatering, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ke kaʻina hana hui wale nō e like me ka flocculant, a ʻaʻohe manawa hana, a ua hōʻike pū ka ʻike e hoʻonui ʻia ka hopena conditioning me ka noho ʻana. ua emi iho i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
Nā mea hana i holo pono ʻia, nā hui kūʻai aku kūpono, a me nā mea lawelawe ma hope o ke kūʻai aku; He hoa kāne a me nā keiki nui mākou i hoʻohui ʻia, e hoʻomau nā kānaka a pau me ka waiwai o ka hui "unification, devotion, tolerance" no 100% Original Factory China Apam Anionic Polyacrylamide PAM no ka Crude Oil Petroleum,ʻO Yixing Cleanwater Chemicals Co., Ltd. ua ʻike i nā hale hana me nā limahana he 100 a ʻoi. No laila hiki iā mākou ke hōʻoia i ka manawa alakaʻi pōkole a me ka hōʻoia maikaʻi.
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-09-2022