Ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino

Ka Nānā ʻana i ka Wai ʻŌpala a me ka Wai Hoʻoheheʻe Wai
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino ke kaʻina hana e wehe ai i ka hapa nui o nā mea haumia mai ka wai ʻino a i ʻole ka wai ʻino a hana i kahi wai effluent kūpono no ka hoʻolei ʻana i ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe a me ka sludge. I mea e pono ai, pono e lawe ʻia ka wai ʻino i kahi hale hana mālama ma o nā paipu kūpono a me nā ʻōnaehana a pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke kaʻina hana ponoʻī. Pono nā wai ʻino ʻē aʻe i nā ʻano mālama like ʻole a i kekahi manawa kūikawā. Ma ka pae maʻalahi loa, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka hapa nui o nā wai ʻino ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea paʻa mai nā wai, maʻamau ma o ka noho ʻana. Ma ka hoʻololi mālie ʻana i nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i mea paʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻohana olaola a me ka hoʻonā ʻana i kēia, ua hana ʻia kahi kahawai effluent o ka maʻemaʻe e hoʻonui ana.
Wehewehena
ʻO ka wai ʻōpala ka ʻōpala wai mai nā lua, nā ʻauʻau, nā ʻauʻau, nā lumi kuke, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻolei ʻia ma o nā ʻauwai. Ma nā wahi he nui, hoʻokomo pū ka wai ʻōpala i kekahi mau ʻōpala wai mai ka ʻoihana a me ke kālepa. Ma nā ʻāina he nui, ua kapa ʻia ka ʻōpala mai nā lua he ʻōpala pilau, ʻo ka ʻōpala mai nā mea e like me nā kīʻaha, nā ʻauʻau a me nā lumi kuke ua kapa ʻia he wai sullage, a ʻo ka ʻōpala ʻoihana a me ke kālepa ua kapa ʻia he ʻōpala kālepa. ʻO ka mahele ʻana o nā kahawai wai home i ka wai hina a me ka wai ʻeleʻele e lilo nei i mea maʻamau i ka honua holomua, me ka wai hina e ʻae ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoinu ʻana i nā mea kanu a hana hou ʻia paha no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā lua. Hoʻokomo pū ka nui o ka wai ʻōpala i kekahi wai o luna mai nā hale a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi paʻa. No laila, ʻo ka wai ʻōpala o ke kūlanakauhale e komo pū me nā hoʻokuʻu ʻōpala wai noho, kalepa, a me nā ʻoihana, a hiki ke komo pū me ka wai kahe.

Nā Palena i Hoʻāʻo Maʻamau ʻia:

• BOD (Koi ʻOkikene Biochemical)

•COD (Koi ʻOkikene Kemika)

•MLSS (Nā Mea ʻAi Waiʻona i Hoʻohuihui ʻia)

•ʻAila a me ka ʻaila

•pH

•Ka hoʻokele ʻana

•Nā mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a pau

BOD (Koi ʻOkikene Biochemical):
ʻO ke koi oxygen biochemical a i ʻole BOD ka nui o ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e pono ai nā meaola olaola aerobic i loko o ke kino wai e wāwahi i nā mea organik i loko o kahi hāpana wai i hāʻawi ʻia ma kekahi mahana ma luna o kahi manawa kikoʻī. Pili pū ka huaʻōlelo i kahi kaʻina hana kemika no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kēia nui. ʻAʻole kēia he hoʻāʻo quantitative pololei, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka maikaʻi o ka wai organik. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka BOD ma ke ʻano he ana o ka pono o nā hale hana mālama wai ʻōpala. Ua helu ʻia ʻo ia he mea haumia maʻamau ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina.
COD (Koi ʻOkikene Kemika):
I ke kemika kaiapuni, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka hoʻāʻo koi oxygen kemika (COD) e ana pololei ʻole i ka nui o nā hui organik i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā noi o COD e hoʻoholo i ka nui o nā mea haumia organik i loaʻa i ka wai o luna (e like me nā loko a me nā muliwai) a i ʻole ka wai ʻōpala, e hoʻolilo ana iā COD i mea ana pono o ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Hoʻokau nā aupuni he nui i nā lula paʻa e pili ana i ka nui o ke koi oxygen kemika i ʻae ʻia i loko o ka wai ʻōpala ma mua o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana i ke kaiapuni.

ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai