ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka microbial o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻo ia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻano microbial maikaʻi i loko o ka wai, e hāpai ana i ka hoʻokumu wikiwiki ʻana o kahi kaiaola kaulike i loko o ke kino wai ponoʻī, ʻaʻole wale nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea hana, a me nā mea kūʻai aku. Hiki ke mālama ʻia a hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia nā mea haumia, a no laila hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā kaulahao meaʻai he nui, e hana ana i kahi kaiaola kaiaola meaʻai. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana kaulike ékological maikaʻi a paʻa inā mālama ʻia ka nui kūpono a me ka ikehu ma waena o nā pae trophic. I ka wā e komo ai ka nui o ka lepo i loko o kēia kaiaola, ʻaʻole i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā mea hoʻohaumia i loko o ia mea e ka bacteria a me nā fungi, akā ʻo nā huahana hope loa o kā lākou hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, kekahi mau pūhui inorganic, hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā kumu kalapona, nā kumu nitrogen a me nā kumu phosphorus. a hoʻohana ʻia ka ikehu lā ma ke ʻano he kumu ikehu mua. , komo i loko o ka metabolic kaʻina hana i loko o ka punaewele meaʻai, a neʻe mālie a hoʻololi mai ka haʻahaʻa trophic pae a hiki i kiʻekiʻe trophic pae, a hope lilo i loko o ka wai mea kanu, iʻa, oʻo, mussels, geese, ducks a me nā mea holomua ola huahana, a ma o kanaka. e hoʻomau E lawe a hoʻohui i nā mea e mālama ai i ke kaulike kaiaola piha o ke kino wai, e hoʻonui i ka nani a me ke ʻano o ka wai, a hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka eutrophication o ke kino wai.
1. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe microbial o ka ʻōpalaka mea nui e wehe i nā mea haumia (BOD, COD substances) i loko o ka colloidal a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai, a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana ke piʻi aku ma mua o 90%, i hiki ai i nā mea haumia organik ke hoʻokō i ke kūlana hoʻokuʻu.
(1) BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), ʻo ia hoʻi "koi oxygen biochemical" a i ʻole "koi oxygen biological", he hōʻailona kuhikuhi ʻole o ka ʻike o ka mea ola i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana o nā mea ola kino maʻalahi i loaʻa i loko o ka 1L o ka wai a i ʻole ka hāpana wai e hoʻāʻo ʻia. Ke oxidize a decompose nā microorganisms, ʻai ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai i milligrams (ʻo ia ka mg/L). Kuhi ʻia nā kūlana ana o BOD ma 20 °C no 5 mau lā a me nā pō, no laila hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka hōʻailona BOD5.
(2) ʻO COD (ke koi oxygen kemika) he koi oxygen kemika, ʻo ia kahi hōʻailona maʻalahi maʻalahi o ka ʻike o ka mea ola i loko o ke kino wai. (ʻo ia ka mg/L). ʻO K2Cr2O7 a i ʻole KMnO4 ka mea hoʻohana maʻamau. Ma waena o lākou, hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ʻo K2Cr2O7, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka COD i ana ʻia e "COD Cr".
2. Hoʻoponopono Microbial Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka wai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana aerobic a me ka ʻōnaehana anaerobic e like me ke kūlana o ka oxygen i ke kaʻina hana.
1. Pūnaehana lapaʻau aerobic
Ma lalo o nā kūlana aerobic, hoʻopili nā microorganism i nā mea ola i loko o ke kaiapuni, oxidize a decompose ia i mea inorganic, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai, a synthesize i nā mea kelepona i ka manawa like. I ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, aia nā microorganism ma ke ʻano o ka sludge i hoʻāla ʻia a me nā mea nui o ka biofilm.
2. ʻano biofilm
He ʻano hana lapaʻau olaola kēia ʻano me ka biofilm ke kino nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO Biofilm kahi membrane mucous i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili o ka mea lawe a hana nui ʻia e nā micelles bacteria. Ua like ka hana o ka biofilm me ka sludge i ho'āla 'ia i loko o ke kaʻina hana sludge, a ua like nō hoʻi kona haku mele microbial. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ʻana ʻo ia ka adsorption a me ka decomposition oxidative o nā mea organik i loko o ka wai e ka biofilm i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili o ka mea lawe. E like me nā ʻano hoʻopili like ʻole ma waena o ka waena a me ka wai, ʻo ke ʻano biofilm me ke ʻano turntable biological a me ke ʻano kānana biological tower.
3. Pūnaehana lapaʻau anaerobic
Ma lalo o nā kūlana anoxic, ua kapa ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka bacteria anaerobic (me ka facultative anaerobic bacteria) e hoʻoheheʻe i nā mea haumia i loko o ka lepo i kapa ʻia he anaerobic digestion a i ʻole anaerobic fermentation. No ka mea, hoʻopuka ka huahana fermentation i ka methane, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka methane fermentation. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ala ke hoʻopau wale i ka pollution kaiapuni, akā hoʻomohala pū kekahi i ka bio-energy, no laila e nānā nui nā kānaka. ʻO ka fermentation anaerobic o ka wai kaiaola he kaiaola paʻakikī loa, e pili ana i nā ʻano pūʻulu bacteria e hoʻololi ana, e koi ana kēlā me kēia i nā substrate a me nā kūlana like ʻole, e hana ana i kahi kaiaola paʻakikī. ʻO ka fermentation methane he ʻekolu mau pae: ka pae liquefaction, ka hana hydrogen a me ka pae hana acetic acid a me ka pae hana methane.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wai i ke kumu mua, ka lua a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe e like me ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana.
Lapaʻau mua: Hoʻopau nui ia i nā mea haumia paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano lapaʻau kino hiki ke hoʻopau i nā koi o ka mālama mua. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana i ka wai, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻo BOD ma kahi o 30%, ʻaʻole i kūpono i ke kūlana hoʻokuʻu. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua e pili ana i ka preprocessing o ka lāʻau lua.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua: ʻo ka ʻōpala maka i hele i loko o ka mānoanoa koʻikoʻi e hoʻāla ʻia e ka pauma hoʻoneʻe wai - hele ma ka pahu a i ʻole kānana - a laila komo i loko o ke keʻena grit - ʻo ka wai i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke one a me ka wai komo i ka sedimentation mua. tank, ʻo ia ka mea i luna: ʻO ka hana mua (ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana kino). ʻO ka hana o ke keʻena grit ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana inorganic me ka umekaumaha kikoʻī nui. ʻO nā keʻena grit maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia nā keʻena grit advection, nā keʻena grit aerated, nā keʻena grit Dole a me nā keʻena grit ʻano bele.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa lua: Hoʻoneʻe nui ia i nā mea haumia colloidal a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (BOD, COD substances) i loko o ka wai, a hiki i ka helu hoʻoneʻe ke piʻi aku ma mua o 90%, i hiki ai i nā mea haumia organik ke hoʻokō i ke kūlana hoʻokuʻu.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana lua: ʻo ka wai e kahe ana mai ka pahu sedimentation mua e komo i nā lako lapaʻau olaola, me ke ʻano o ka sludge i hoʻōla ʻia a me ke ʻano biofilm, (ʻo ka reactor o ke ʻano sludge i hoʻāla ʻia e pili ana i ka pahu aeration, oxidation ditch, etc. ʻO ka pahu kānana biological, biological turntable, biological contact oxidation method and biological fluidized bed), ka wai e kahe ana mai loko mai o nā lako lapaʻau olaola e komo i ka lua sedimentation tank, a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka effluent mai ka lua sedimentation tank ma hope o ka disinfection a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau tertiary.
Lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe: ʻo ka mea nui e pili ana i nā mea kūlohelohe refractory, soluble inorganic mea e like me ka nitrogen a me ka phosphorus hiki ke alakaʻi.
i ka eutrophication o ke kino wai. ʻO nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia me ka denitrification biological a me ka wehe ʻana i ka phosphorus, coagulation sedimentation, one rate method, activated carbon adsorption method, ion exchange method and electroosmosis analysis method.
Penei ke kaʻina hana lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe: hoʻihoʻi ʻia kekahi hapa o ka ʻōpala i loko o ka pahu sedimentation lua i ka pahu sedimentation mua a i ʻole nā mea lapaʻau olaola, a komo kekahi o ka ʻōpala i ka pahu mānoanoa sludge, a laila komo i ka pahu hoʻoheheʻe sludge. Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i nā mea hana, hoʻohana hope ʻia ka sludge.
Inā he mea kūʻai hou a mea kūʻai kahiko paha, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou i ka hoʻolālā kūikawā o ka ammonia degrading bacteria no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ma Kina, ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka aerobic bacteria agent a me ka pilina hilinaʻi, mahalo mākou i nā mea kūʻai hou a kahiko e hoʻopili iā mākou ma ke kelepona paʻa. a i ʻole e hoʻouna i ka leka uila e nīnau iā mākou e hoʻokumu i nā hui ʻoihana lōʻihi a me ka kūleʻa like.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Kemika wai ʻinoʻO China Bacteria Special Design, Bacterial Water Treatment Agent, ma ke ʻano he limahana hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi, ʻano hou a me ka ikaika, ua mālama mākou i nā mea āpau o ka noiʻi, hoʻolālā, hana, kūʻai aku a me ka hāʻawi ʻana. Ma ka noiʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou, ʻaʻole mākou e hahai wale akā alakaʻi i ka ʻoihana hana. Hoʻolohe pono mākou i ka manaʻo o nā mea kūʻai aku a hāʻawi i ke kamaʻilio koke. E ʻike koke ʻoe i kā mākou akamai a me ka lawelawe hoʻolohe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jun-11-2022