nā huahana bacteriological i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ʻana o nā māla moa puaʻa

Kākoʻo mākou i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku me nā huahana maikaʻi maikaʻi loa a me ka ʻoihana pae nui. Ke lilo nei i mea hana loea i kēia ʻāpana, ua loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻike hana hana waiwai i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻokelehuahana bacteriologicali ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i nā mahiʻai moa puaʻa, Ke hoʻāʻo nei mākou e loaʻa i ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea kūʻai ʻoiaʻiʻo, e loaʻa ana kahi hopena hou i ka hanohano me nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā hoa pili.
Kākoʻo mākou i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku me nā huahana maikaʻi maikaʻi loa a me ka ʻoihana pae nui. Ke lilo nei i mea hana loea i kēia ʻāpana, ua loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻike hana hana waiwai i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻokelehuahana bacteriological, Lawe i ka manaʻo kumu o "e lilo i kuleana". E hoʻonui hou mākou i ke kaiāulu no nā hopena kiʻekiʻe a me ka lawelawe maikaʻi. E hoʻomaka ana mākou e komo i ka hoʻokūkū honua e lilo i mea hana papa mua o kēia huahana ma ka honua.

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He pauda keʻokeʻo ia a ua haku ʻia me ka bacteria a me ka cocci, hiki ke hana i nā spores (endospores).

Loaʻa ma mua o 20 billion/gram maʻi bacteria ola

Kahua noi

Nā Hana Nui

1. He hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi ka lāʻau bacteria ma luna o nā mea ola i loko o ka wai. Ma muli o ka spore bacteria he kū'ē ikaika loa i nā mea ʻino o ka honua o waho. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai i ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka ukana hopena, a he ikaika ka mālama ʻana, hiki ke holo pono ka ʻōnaehana i ka wā e loli nui ai ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai, e hōʻoia i ka paʻa o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.

2. Hiki ke hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia ka BOD, COD a me TTS. E hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa i loko o ke kīʻaha sedimentation, e hoʻonui i ka helu a me nā ʻokoʻa o ka protozoa.

3. Hoʻomaka a hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana wikiwiki, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hiki ke hana a me ka hiki ke kū i ka hopena o ka ʻōnaehana, hoʻemi i ka nui o nā koena sludge i hana maikaʻi ʻia, hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kinikona e like me flocculant, mālama i ka uila.

Ka Papa Hana

1. E like me ka helu ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ka wai i loko o ka ʻōnaehana biochemical o ka wai ʻino ʻoihana: ʻo ka helu mua ma kahi o 80-150 grams / cubic (e like me ka helu helu o ka loko biochemical).

2. Inā loaʻa ka hopena nui i ka ʻōnaehana biochemical ma muli o ka fluctuations hānai wai, e hoʻohui i kahi 30-50 grams / cubic i kēlā me kēia lā (e like me ka helu helu o ka loko biochemical).

3. He 50-80 grams/cubic ka nui o ka wai ʻino o ke aupuni (e like me ka helu helu o ka loko biochemical).

Hōʻike

Hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana kino a me nā kemika no ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria:

1. pH: Ma ka laulā o 5.5 a me 9.5, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana ma waena o 6.6-7.8, ua hōʻike ka hana i ka hana maikaʻi loa i ka PH 7.5.

2. Ka wela: e hana ia ma waena o 8 ℃-60 ℃. E make ka bacteria inā ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o 60 ℃. Inā he haʻahaʻa ma mua o 8 ℃, ʻaʻole ia e make, akā e kaupalena ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria. ʻO ka mahana kūpono loa ma waena o 26-32 ℃.

3. Oxygen Dissolved: ʻO ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2 mg/l i loko o ka pahu aeration o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino; ʻO ka metabolism a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wikiwiki o ka bacteria resilience kiʻekiʻe i ka waiwai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa 5 ~ 7 me ka lawa o ka oxygen.

4. Nā Mea Huli: Pono ka hui bacteria proprietary i nā mea he nui i kona ulu ʻana, e like me ka potassium, iron, sulfur, magnesium, etc. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, loaʻa iā ia nā mea nui i ka lepo a me ka wai.

5. Salinity: Ua pili ia i ka wai paʻakai a me ka wai hou, ʻo ka tolerance kiʻekiʻe o ka salinity he 6%.

6. ʻAi ʻawaʻawa: Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā mea ʻawaʻawa kemika, me ka chloride, cyanide a me nā metala kaumaha, etc.

Hoolaha

I ka wā i hoʻohaumia ʻia i loaʻa nā fungicides, pono e noiʻi i ka hopena o lākou no nā microorganism ma mua.

Kākoʻo mākou i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku me nā huahana maikaʻi maikaʻi loa a me ka ʻoihana pae nui. Ke lilo nei i mea hana loea i kēia ʻāpana, ua loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻike hana hana waiwai i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻokelehuahana bacteriologicali ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i nā mahiʻai moa puaʻa, Ke hoʻāʻo nei mākou e loaʻa i ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea kūʻai ʻoiaʻiʻo, e loaʻa ana kahi hopena hou i ka hanohano me nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā hoa pili.
huahana bacteriological , Lawe i ka manaʻo kumu o "e lilo i kuleana". E hoʻonui hou mākou i ke kaiāulu no nā hopena kiʻekiʻe a me ka lawelawe maikaʻi. E hoʻomaka ana mākou e komo i ka hoʻokūkū honua e lilo i mea hana papa mua o kēia huahana ma ka honua.